What is the function of add_filter in WordPress?

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What is the function of add_filter in WordPress?
Answers:
1.      It registers a filter for a tag.
2.      It removes line breaks from the pages list.
3.      It is a companion function to apply_filters().
4.      All of the above.
GA
Gaurav Arora, Digital Media Lead. 10+ years running paid media and tracking for brands in the USA, UK and Canada.